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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Brand America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Permit's Make America Not bad Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton likewise used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used information technology again in a radio commercial aired for his married woman Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential main campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'southward use of the phrase "probably the most resonant entrada slogan in contempo history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a popular civilization phenomenon, seeing widespread utilise and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the U.s., regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[4] [5] [6] [seven] The slogan was too at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in almost media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [eleven]

Utilize before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was outset used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the 3rd session of the 76th The states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the mode? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of the states. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who can give the human being of enterprise encouragement, who tin give them the spirit which will afford vision. That will brand America peachy again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advert associated with Barry Goldwater'south unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America bully once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'due south economical distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amidst the electorate.[14] [xv] [xvi] [17] Within his acceptance spoken communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, nosotros'll stimulate new opportunities, specially in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore promise and we'll welcome them into a cracking national crusade to make America nifty once again."[eighteen] [xix]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was too used in speeches[20] past Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton besides used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary entrada.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used every bit a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years ago, and... motility you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid equally the Republican nominee for a Usa Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'southward Printing on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let'southward Do What Information technology Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Apply past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Once more" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running equally a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up considering, higher up all else, we must make America great over again."[25] Likewise in Dec 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #ane Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Brand America Bully Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Corking Again" by stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country'south office to create the "Make America Keen Over again Party", which would accept allowed Trump to exist that party'due south nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November seven, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own business relationship, Trump outset considered "We Will Brand America Great", just did not feel like it had the correct "ring" to it. "Brand America Corking" was his side by side slogan idea, merely upon farther reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America considering it unsaid that America was never great. After selecting "Brand America Great Over again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's employ in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to utilize the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early on every bit Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Dandy Again" on a roadside in California shortly later on the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Continue America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular amongst his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at one signal it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that apocryphal versions outnumbered the existent hat x to ane. "...but information technology was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that'south an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection entrada would be "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Still, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to use the "Make America Great Over again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech communication, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the proper noun of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was likewise mocked.[37]

Less than a week afterward Trump left office, he spoke to advisors almost possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Brand America Great Again Party". In his get-go few days out of office, he also supported Arizona country party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who as well called for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Political party every bit leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's Modern DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[forty]

In the kickoff one-half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Marking Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a mail'south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump set upwards his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its utilize since 2015, information technology is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America announcer, among others,[5] [six] explained how information technology is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it every bit racist coded language, but also to those who accept felt a loss of status equally other groups have become more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates equally America Commencement did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed earlier it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Brand America Cracking Once more' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you habiliment one, it'due south a pretty good indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are testify of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan equally "fabled", writing: "Information technology was vague enough to entreatment to optimists mostly, while leaving enough of room for biting and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that nearly ten per centum of blackness voters identified as Trump supporters,[49] [ not-primary source needed ] while about xxx percent of Hispanic voters identified equally Trump supporters.[50] [ better source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Practiced Fight: Why Liberals – and Merely Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the State of war on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book nigh her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Brand America Great Once again.[52]

Later Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Bully Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport stop-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that cracking" during a September 2018 bill signing.[56] [57] Erstwhile U.s. Chaser General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did yous recollect America was great?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September ane, 2018, his girl Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made keen again because America was always swell."[60] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT Once again!" later that day.[61]

Employ by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were normally used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet bully again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential ballot in October 2018, old opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Republic of indonesia corking again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Again".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Time to come protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement take often used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Once more", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the Globe Greta Once again.[68]

In popular civilisation [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Again" phase backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult amusement [edit]

  • Adult movie star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip lodge bout. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 entrada trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Douse Once again".[seventy]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Not bad Over again was a street art mural past artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[71] [72]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross'south 2016 stand up-upwards bout was titled "Making America Dandy Again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed every bit the Earth Merchandise Center during the September eleven attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Over again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Manner [edit]

  • Mode Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Great Once more" Official presidential entrada Flag to blueprint a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wearable on Ruby Rug east.one thousand. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Once more" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Bully Again" fez hat in one scene.[79]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado five: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[80]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Twelvemonth (2016) is "Go on America Peachy" (a phrase Trump would later use equally his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the Idiot box spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with i stating he does so "to keep my country [America] keen".[81] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[82]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da v Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the moving picture.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator'south Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metallic Gear Ascension: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Brand America Bully Again" during his voice communication while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Dazzler/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, pregnant Make America Trap Again.[87]
  • Make America Stone Again was a stone concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Loma, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Over again Tour", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protest album in 2020 called 'Make Anger Keen Once more'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Neat Once again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a unmarried "Make America Great Once more" a few months subsequently appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' apparel.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau saying Make America Skate again in Run a risk the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Corking Once again.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They likewise sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Not bad Once again".

Sports [edit]

  • And so-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Brand Baseball Fun Once more" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Writer Octavia Eastward. Butler used "Make America Great Again" as the presidential entrada slogan for a grapheme, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described every bit "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Engagement Once again",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Tv set [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his testify Terminal Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original bequeathed name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 1000000 views.[98]
  • In the S Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs begetting the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the blackness people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them past Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump's slogan, 'Make America great once more', seemed to invoke a render to a Never Never Land of white male supremacy, where coal was an awesome fuel, blueish-colour manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the domicile, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

douglassbeire1996.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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